Overview

Combined vision and hearing loss is most commonly caused by genetic syndromes, aging, and prenatal or postnatal illnesses. The primary categories include Usher syndrome, age-related decline, and congenital infections

Genetic Syndromes

  • Usher syndrome: The leading genetic cause, featuring hearing impairment combined with progressive night and side vision loss from retinitis pigmentosa.
  • CHARGE syndrome: A condition present at birth involving multiple areas of the body, affecting both eyes and ears.
  • Down syndrome: Chromosomal variation that can feature dual sensory loss over time.

Age-Related Factors

  • Aging: The most frequent cause of combined sensory loss in older adults, blending age-related hearing decline with conditions like macular degeneration or cataracts. 

Prenatal and Postnatal Complications

  • Congenital rubella syndrome: Infection before birth that harms developing eye and ear structures.
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV): A common virus acquired before birth that can cause infant hearing and vision problems.
  • Meningitis or severe head injury: Postnatal infections or trauma that damage sensory pathways later in life.